���Ѵ���(English) The thesis title "Pi". Music of the Lua at Ban Teuy, Nan Province is conducted for these 3 purpose. The first purpose is to study the culture of "Lua" tribe at Ban Teuy, Nan Province. Secondly, to study the physically distinctive characteristics and sound systems of the musical instrument called "Pi". Third, to study the musically distinguishing features of "Pi". Ethnomusicological methodology and the qualitative approach have been employed to analyze the information gathered from a host of documents, pieces of academic works and the surveyors own fieldwork. The results of the research were as follows : "Lua", a hill tribe in Nan Province of Thailand has a unique ceremony in which "Salode", a traditional "Pi" musical instrument, plays a key role. Furthemore, "Salode" has a traditional significance in Luas way of life. "Pi" performed by a group of musicians, is the main musical instrument for the tribesmen to express their cultural feelings The physical features of "Pi" : "Pi" is made of a kind of bamboo called "Mai Hea" there are ten kinds of "Pi". Five are Parod, Hi, He, Jumyum, Meyao each of which has 3 characteristic notes. The others which are Akkompiparod, Akkompihi, Akkomphie, Akkompijumyum and Akkompimeyao have 2 notes. The musical characteristics of "Pi" refer to a single musical form, which means the musician plays the music repeatedly. Most of the music arrangements accompanied by "Pi" contain the same rhythmic patterns. There are 6 categories of melodic movements, which are the sustained note, serrated note, descending and ascending, ascending and descending, ascending and decending.
���Ѵ���(English) The purposes of the research were to study and compareknowledge, attitudes and practice regarding to AIDS of theAnonymous Clinic clients at the Thai Red Cross Society.Questionnaires were constructed and collected by the researcherduring February 1993. The sample size was 622 clients: 475 malesand 142 females. The 622 questionnaires, accounted for 100percent, were returned. The obtained data were analyzed in termsof percentages, means, standard deviations, t-test, and one-wayanalysis of variances. The Scheffe was also employed to determinethe significant differences. It was found that : 1. Clients possessed knowledge regarding to AIDS at the"moderate" level. The male clients possessed better knowledgethan the female clients, the HIV negative males possessed betterknow]edge than the HIV positive males, the males in the highereducation level possessed better knowledge than the secondaryeducation level and the males in the secondary education levelpossessed better knowledge than the primary education level, thefemales in the higher education level and the secondary educationlevel possessed better knowledge than the primary educationlevel, significantly at .05 level. 2. Clients had attitudes regarding to AIDS at the "good"level. The HIV negative males had better attitudes than the HIVpositive males, the males in the higher education level hadbetter attitude than the secondary education level and thesecondary education level had better attitude than the primaryeducation level, the females in the higher education level hadbetter attitude than the primary education level, significantlyat .05 level. 3. The HIV negative males had better practice than the HIVpositive males in aspects of condom use and intravenous drug use,the males in the higher education level had better practice thanthe primary education level in aspects of sexual behavior, themales in higher education level had better practice than thesecondary education level and the males in the secondaryeducation level had better practice than the primary educationlevel in aspects of condom use, the females in the highereducation level had better practice than the primary educationlevel in aspects of sexual behavior, significantly at .05 level.
���Ѵ���(English) The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of normal aerobic dance and water aerobic exercise on physical fitness. Thirty healthy female teenagers (15 to 17 yrs) were selected to participate in this study and were randomly assigned to NE (control group: n = 10), AE (aerobic dance group : n = 10), and WE (water aerobic group : n = 10). Both AE and WE exercised at the same intensity (60% to 70% HRR), frequency (3 times/week), and duration (40-45 min) for 8 weeks. Physical fitness testing was done before and after exercise training and included measurements of maximum oxygen consumption (VO(,2)max), leg strength, flexibility, percent of body fat (%BF), leg volume, and agility. ~iPair t-test~i and ~ione way ANOVA~i were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the exercise training, groups had significant ~i(P<0.05)~i improvement in maximum oxygen consumption (VO(,2)max), leg strength, and agility. In contrast, %BF was decreased and leg volume did not change. There was no significant difference for maximum oxygen consumption (VO(,2)max), leg strength, flexibility, percent of body fat (%BF), leg volume, and agility between AE and WE, however maximum oxygen consumption (VO(,2)max) and leg strength of WE tended to be higher than AE These results suggest that both aerobic dance and water aerobic exercise improve physical fitness and mental fitness. The water exercise provides an alternative means of exercising for overweight, injuried or ill individuals. Studies, with a longer training duration, higher training intensity, different gender and age groups, water exercise with osteoporosis patients or handicapped, and effect on axial load are recommended for the future research.